Liquid and gaseous fuel burner



Nov. 19, -1929.l c. J. sHERMAN y 11,735,882

Y LIQUID AND GA-SEOUS FUEL BURNER File@ Feb. 21, 192e L, A YTOR/EY Patented Nov. i9, 192e UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

GABROLL J'. SHERMAN, OF HOUSTON, TEXAS, ASSIGNQR 0F ONE-THIRD T0 EWING" WEBLEIN AND TEXAS ONE-SIXTH T CHARLES H. SHERMAN, BOTH OF HARRIS COUNTY,

LIQUID AND GAS-EOUS FUEL BURNER Application led February 21, 1928. Serial No. 255,872.

My invention relates to burners and pertains particularly lto installations `for employin both liquid and gaseous fuel.

My vurner is particularly adapted for use in `heaters and may be used insmall household heaters or for larger commercial furnaces either singly or in tandem. v

' It is an object of the invention to produce a burner which may be used with liquid fuel l0 with connections arranged so that gaseous fuel may be used either simultaneously or alternately with the liquid fuel. Provision 1s also made 'whereby the gas and liquid fuel feeding devices are separated so that'no o1'l will interfere with the effective feed of the gas, yet the aseous fuel may be used to heat up the vaporlzer for the ll1qu1d fuel. I Y Means are also provided to deflect the a1r from a forced draught awayfrom the vaporizer so that the vaporizer will not be unduly cooled. l I

It is also desired to provide means for 1gnitin the fuel at any time by the use of a pilot ight.

Referring to the drawings herewith, F1g. 1 is a central verticalsection through a burner employing m invention. Fig. 2 is a vertlcal section of aurner taken on the planeJ2-2 of Fig. 1'. Fig. 3is a'transverse sectlon of the burner structure taken on the plane 3-3 f Fig. 2. Likenum'era-ls of reference are employed to designate like'parts in all the views. n e

The present invention is'an improvement on the burner shown and described in my prior Patent No. 1,625,961,, granted April 26th, 1927. In carrying out my invention I provide a base member 1 which comprises an approximately cylindrical hollow. member having side walls 2, the lowerend being 4closed by the lower Wall 3; The upper end of the cylindrical portien of the 4body is connected at 4 with a flaring bowl-shaped plate 5, which extends upwardly to provide an 4enclosing wall about the lower part of the burner which may act as a combustion chamber, as will be later described. The lower portion` of the combustion wallV adjacent the cylindrical 5 member 2 is curved downwardly to provide la ,coupling 10 is connectedl with groove or channel 6 to receive the liquid fuel which may drip therein.

Centrally ofthe base member 1 is an up-4 standing tubular supporting member 7. As shown in Fig. 3, this supporting member is oblong in shape -so as to form anenclosure about the fuel feeding tubes. The lower wall of the-tubular support 7 is a solid member ,having a central channel 8 therethrough to receive 'a fuel pip-e 9. Said fuel. pipe projects below the channel 8 in the base and is threaded for enfragement with an` L-shaped cou-I' pling 10. x`Said coupling inturn is supported by a post 11 which is threaded for engagement with the-supporting plate 12 upon the coupling. I t will be obvious that post l1, the height of the burner withinthe combustion chamber may be regulated. The an inlet pipe 13 connectedwith some source of supply of gas eous fuel, not shown.

Above the lower end of port 7 the support. is recessed to rovide a central chamber, indicated at 14 1n Fig. 3L This hamber has on each side of' the' fuel conductin from the v ase upwardly and adapted to al low the extension therethrough'of fuel pipes. At one side of the center a pipe 16 is extended upwardly through the opening 15 and is perforated at 17 toallow the outlet of as and is intended to form a pilot light, the gas being ignited and allowed to burn constantly to provide a flame whereby the fuel may be ignited. Q Connected about the pipe 9 is a tubular stem 18 which lhas at its upper end a flaring dome-shaped generator plate 19, said plate being preferably formed integrally with the stem. The lower end of the stem is con- 'nected to the 4fuel inlet pipe 9 by a threaded by rotating the the tubular sup- I tubes, openings 15 extending connection, thusl providing a space or chamber 20 between the 'fuel plpe 9 and the hollow stem 18 of the generator plate. This space vallows for the passageof liquid'fuel;

The liquid 4fuel pipe 21 isextended upwardl through the opening 15 and-is connecte with a lateral boss -or extension 22 upon the stem 18 ofthe generator late and connects with a passage 2,3, whic. yil! fmll' plate approximately circular in outline. It

is spaced from the generator plate by means lof spacing lugs 26 formed on the lower side of the cap, at spaced intervals, said lugs being adapted to rest upon the outer margin of the generator plate, as shown in the drawing. The generator cap conforms in outline closely to the contour of the plate, but it is somewhat more elongated so as to provide a chamber or space 27 between the plate and the cap wherein vaporization of the liquid fuel may take place.

The space or chamber 27 is large enough to accommodate the upper end of the gaseous fuel pipe 9 -which extends above the opening in the generator plate and has at its upper end an annular disc or plate 29 secured thereon, which acts as a baille above the outlet for the liquid fuel, preventing any chance of the liquid fuel entering the upper end of the gaseous fuel pipe, as will be obvious. The lower rim of the disc is curved downwardly to a slight extent so as to deflect any oil or other similar fuel issuing from .the

oil outlet.

The disc 29 also serves as a seat for a Valve 30 whichis a disc like plate having its lower margin extended downwardly to form a flange resting upon the balile 29. Centrally of the valve plate is a guide member 31 which extends into the upper end of the pipe so as to assure the proppr seatin of the valve which is adapted to' e closed y gravity,

The. lower, end of the vaporizer cap is curved upwardly at 32 and a slight marginal,`

space 33 is formed between the generator plate andthe cap 'wherein combustionv may take place in such a manner that the draught of air pastthev combustion V space will not blowout the flame. s The upperend of the wallv 7 about the fuel pipes is. preferably grooved `to receive a deflector ring 35;V Said ring fits with the upper end of the wall 7 and has lits upper end 4 flared outwardly so as to ,direct the draught of air which is em loyed .in the operation ofthe device, away rom -tlie `generator plate sofas to preventthe cooling, of` said plate. This deflec'tor is removable, as will be ob* vious fromthe drawing, and allows the 'parts to. be more easily constructed and assembled. C Atene. side of the ,wall2 ofzthe base is an ,I Q e'pening Thisopening is connected with a flow pipe 37 through which air may be forced under pressure to the burner; I have shown as connected with the said pipe a .blower 38 of ordinary construction, but it is to be understood that any type of blower may be employed which is effective in directing a current of air to the chamber within the walls of the base sufficient in amount for the purposes of combustion of the fuel. The blower 38 is shown as mounted upon upright posts 39 which are supported upon the plate 40, and this plate 40 in turn is supported upon a post 4:1 upon which said plate may be adjusted vertically "in the manner shown.

The groove or channel 6 at the lower side of the combustion plate is connected at one point with a downwardly extendingopening l 42 which leads to an outlet pipe 43 whereby the excess liquid fuel ymay be drained from the burner.

In the operation of my device, the gaseous...

fuel is preferably turned on first so as to feed the gas upwardlythrough the pipe 9,

raising the valve 30 from itsseat and allowing the gas to flow outwardly from between the generator Vplate and vaporizer cap through the opening 33. The pilot light l 1G willordinarily have suilicient gas to protween the plate and cap. Combustion will then take place within the combustion chamber provided within the bowl 5. When the generator plate and cap have beenproperly heatedthrough the use of the 'gas the fuel oil may be then turned on.. I contemplate using any `ordinary type of fuel oil, whether of vlight or heavyfgravity, and the oilfed inwardly through the pipe 21 will pass into the space 20 and will issue at the upper end of the generator plate andv flow outwardly into the groove 24 and kdown the face of the generator plate to issue into the combustion space. During its passage over the plate it will be submittedto high temperature formed by the combustion `of. the gas and will be itself vaporized vand willissue in that form in a highly ycombustible ycondition so that an intense heat will be obtained. When the oil has been properly ignited and itsV vaporization hasbeen thus provided for, the gas may be reduced in amount, `or if desiredf" maybe entirely cut off. `Itis within thecontemplation of this invention to use the two types of fuel simultaneously wheredesired,

and also eitherfuelmay bewused alone'indeof the gas so that a llame .of vthe proper in;

teilisity may be produced .with little diliicu ty.

`The forced draught which I have provided by the use of a blower assures'the supply of the propery amount of air for combustion, and it will beobvious that this supply of air through the blower may be increased or decreased, according to condition,by varying the rate of rotation of the-blower. The deflector which is employed to deflect the draught away fromthe lower side of the gen.- erator plate has the effect of dra-wing the air into the combustionspace and prevents the cooling of the generator plate through the cold air entering through the blower. It will be obvious that the device here shown and described may be easily assembled or disassembled for cleaning or repairing and that the device may be madestrong and durable and ,will last for long periods of time without replacement.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is:

1. A fuel burner comprising a generator plate having a lower hollow stem and a central opening, a` pipe for gaseous fuel extending upwardly through said stem and opening, and projecting above said plate, a liquid-tight connection between said stem and on, a gaseous `fu`el pipe extending upwardly said pipe, means to feed f-uel to said stem,

means to conduct gas to said pipe, and a vaporizer cap spaced slightly above said generator plate.

2. A fuel burner comprising a generator plate having a lower hollow stem and a central opening, a pipe for gaseous fuel extending .upwardly through said stem and opening, and projecting above said plate, a radial disc on said pipe above said plate forming a baille, a liquid-tight connection between said stem and said pipe, means to feed fuel to said stem, means to conduct 'gas to said pipe, and a vaporizer cap spaced slightly above said generator plate.

3. A fuel 'burner comprising a generator plate having a lower hollow stem and a central opening, a pipe for 'gaseous fuel extending upwardly through said stem and opening, and projecting above said plate, a radial ballie on said pipe, a valve plate normally closing l the upper end of said pipe, a liquid-tight connection between said stem and said pipe, means to feed fuel to said stem, means to conduct gas to said pipe, and a vaporizer cap spaced slightly above said generator plate.

4. A burner having a generator plate, a vaporizer cap spaced slightly from said plate to form a vaporizing chamber, said plate hav' ing a liquid fuel passage discharging thereon, a gaseous fuel pipe extending upwardly through said passage, a baille on said pipe within said chamber, a valve normally closing the upper end of said pipe, and means to ignite the fuel about the'outer margin of said plate.

through said passage ab'ove said plate, and means to keep said plate heated when said burner'is not in useand to ignite the fuel A when the starting of said burner is desired.

6. A burner` including a generator plate, a vaporizing cap spaced'above said plate forming a vaporizing chamber between them, means to discharge both liquid and gaseous fuel simultaneously into said chamber, and means to ignitesaid fuel.

7. A burner including a generator plate, a -vaporizing cap spaced ab'ove said' plate forming a vapor1zmg chamber between them, a y

liquid fuel tube discharging through said plate, a gaseousfuel pipe extending above said plate into said chamber, means to prevent the liquid fuel from entering said gaseous fuel pipe and means to ignite said fuel.

, 8. A fuel burner adapted for either liquid or gaseous fuel including a liquid fuel conducting tube, a generator plate on the upper end thereof, a pipe concentric with said tube for gaseous fuel, a vaporize` cap above said plate, said cap and plate being spaced at their margins to form a combustion spaceand means to force a draught of air past said combustion space.

9. In a. fuel burner for either liquid or gaseous fuel the combination of a generator plate, a vaporizer cap, means to feed both gaseous fuel and liquid fuel into the space between said plate and cap, means to ignite said fuel and means to force a draught of air past said plate.

10. In a fuel burner, a base chamber, a hollow stem therein, a generator plate on said stem, a pipe for gaseous fuel extending upwardly through said base chamber and said stem, said pipe having a threaded connection with said stem, a vaporizer cap spaced above said plate to form a vaporizing chamber, means to feed liquid fuel to said stem, and a valve in said chamber normally closing the upper end of said pipe whereby either liquid or gaseous fuel may be burned.

11. In a fuel burner, a base chamber, a hollow stem therein, a generator plate on said stem, a pipe for gaseous fuel extending up-4 wardly lthrough said base chamber and said stem, said pipe having a threaded connection with said stem, a vaporizer cap spaced above said plgte to form a vaporizin'g chamber, and means to feed liquid fuel to said stem, whereby either lor both liquid or gaseous fel may be burned.

12. In a device of the character describe adapted to burn either liquid or gaseous fuel,

ing chamber common to both of Said passages, and means to deect an air blast' away from said vaporizing chamber.

In testimony whereof I hereunto ax my signature this 11th day of February, A. D.

CARROLL J. SHERMAN. 

